The Effects of the Scientific Revolution Essay - 1346 Words

History 208 Primary Source Paper â€Å"Scientific Revolution† 2.24.11 Nicholas Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton, Francis Bacon and Joseph Needham. According to some excerpts from â€Å"Why Europe?† by Jack Gladstone and â€Å"China, Technology and Change† by Lynda Norene Shaffer, the work of these notable men can be traced back to having a significant role in the scientific focus of modern society, or what we now know to be the â€Å"Scientific Revolution† of the seventeenth century. In a world where we are desperately dependent on advancements in modern science, we rarely stop to think about what got us to this point. We all too often overlook many of the global events that ultimately helped develop a universal method for understanding and†¦show more content†¦The introduction of gunpowder in Europe made castles and other medieval fortifications obsolete and helped to liberate Western Europe from feudal aristocratic power. The compass facilitated voyages that lead to Atlantic Europe’s sole possession of t he Western Hemisphere and helped open up the first all-sea route from Western Europe to the ports of East Africa and Asia. China possessed all three of these technologies by the latter part of the Tang dynasty (618-906), between four and six hundred years before they appeared in Europe. It is stated in the document that historians are now beginning to use the term â€Å"revolution† when referring to technological and commercial changes that culminated in the Song dynasty, in the same way that they refer to the changes in eighteenth and nineteenth-century England as the Industrial Revolution. In this source document, I interpret that Shaffer’s objective is to inform the reader of the astounding technological advances brought to fruition by China and their impact on Europe, the â€Å"Scientific Revolution†, and the world as we know it today. I do not sense a form of bias in any direction. I feel her target audience is relatively universal with a potential focus in terest of those involved in the study of early Chinese and European history and culture. The second source I am choosing to use is Jack Goldstone’s â€Å"Why Europe?† This document focuses less on the actual scientific technology advancementsShow MoreRelatedThe Impact of Scientific Revolution on Physics as an Independent Field of Study1214 Words   |  5 PagesTHE EFFECT OF SCIENTIFIC EVOLUTION ON PHYSICS AS AN INDEPENDENT FIELD OF STUDY INTRODUCTION The early period of the seventeenth century is known as the â€Å"scientific revolution† for the drastic changes evidenced approach to science . The word â€Å"revolution† connotes a period of turmoil and social upheaval where ideas about the world change severely and a completely new era of academic thought is ushered in. This term, therefore, describes quite accurately what took place in the scientific communityRead MoreEssay about Human Beings and Nature: The Scientific Revolution1689 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Beings and Nature: The Scientific Revolution The Scientific Revolution, perhaps one of the most significant examples of human beingsà ­ relationship with the natural world, changed the way seventeenth and eighteenth century society operated. The power of human knowledge has enabled intellectual, economical, and social advances seen in the modern world. The Scientific Revolution which included the development of scientific attitudes and skepticism of old views on nature and humanityRead MoreThe Theory Of Progress And Its Components1569 Words   |  7 Pagesand revolutions, but it is a more complex study. Historians such as J.B. Bury, Herbert Butterfield, and John Lukacs talk about the theory of progress and how it manifests in historical writings. The scientists, C.P Snow wrote in the Two Cultures a framework of mind of the significant revolutions in science. The theory of progress and its components are important in use to see a limited progress of mankind through the Scientific, Agricultural, Industrial, and the twent ieth century Scientific RevolutionRead MoreWestern Civilization1000 Words   |  4 Pagesassemble, and these restrictions could not be upheld. Fear of a catholic monarchy led to the expulsion of James the 2nd and the glorious revolution. Constitutionalism was the way of the future and in my own personal opinion it was the best way to go. Shortly after absolutism and constituionalism the scientific revolution came into effect. The scientific revolution of the seventeenth century was the major cause of the change in world view and one of the key developments in the evolution of the westernRead More Western Civilization Essays991 Words   |  4 Pagesthese restrictions could not be upheld. Fear of a catholic monarchy led to the expulsion of James the 2nd and the glorious revolution. Constitutionalism was the way of the future and in my own personal opinion it was the best way to go. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Shortly after absolutism and constituionalism the scientific revolution came into effect. The scientfic revolution of the seventeenth century was the major cause of the change in world view and one of the key developments in the evolutionRead MoreThe Reformation And Its Impact On Society1710 Words   |  7 Pagesuniversities because people wanted to read the classics. The Renaissance changed Europe from focusing on religion to embracing the cultures of previous civilizations and striving for human excellence. Humanism alone could be enough to jumpstart the scientific revolution. The fact that people wanted to be acknowledged for their achievements led the â€Å"natural philosophers† of that time to strive for greatness. Another instigator of the changing world-view was the Reformation, which introduced a period of questioningRead MoreThe Revolution And Reformation During The Renaissance1205 Words   |  5 PagesRevolution and reformation; these are t wo words that are often identified with war, disagreement, and regional effects. While these things do indeed come along with a revolution or reformation, they heed an array of positive and secular outcomes as well. In addition, a revolution can, and usually will, cause a reformation. Conversely, a reformation can cause a revolution. This can happen despite the two things involved with the change or disagreement being seemingly unrelated. The world is connectedRead MoreWhat Were the Causes and Consequences of the Scientific Revolution and How Did It Change the World from 1500 - 1800?1611 Words   |  7 PagesThe Scientific Revolution was an important time in history, but it was by no means sudden. The catalyst of the Revolution were a while in the making with writings and philosophies from Ancient Greece and Rome inspiring people and was a long process of gradual of upheaval, up until the Enlightenment. This essay will examine the various, but not inexhaustible, causes that may h ave contributed to the Scientific Revolution; the teaching and philosophies of Aristotle, Ptolemy and Descartes, The RenaissanceRead More The European Expansion and its Effects on the World Essay1260 Words   |  6 Pagesstimulated by science.† (p. 403) The European scientific revolution was fueled by the blending of â€Å"liberal† and â€Å"servile† arts, in other words, science and technology. Because of the European expansion taking place throughout the world, new commerce and industries were advancing, creating the need for new technology and science. The theories and inventions that Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton provided were the fist major advances during the scientific revolution, and perhaps were the most profound. TheRead MoreEssay on Revolution in Scientific Affairs977 Words   |  4 Pageshistory, or science. This revolution in scientific affairs, sparked by thinkers like Bacon, Newton, and Descartes, resulted in a significant upheaval in the arts and literature of Europe. Research into this spread of scientific thinking, which would eventually come to influence ideas about such wildly disparate fields of human endeavor as physics, religion, and governmental theory, shows that Francis Bacon played a major role in encouraging the growth of the Scientific Revolution. Writing in the early

Essay on Memories Will Never Be Forgotten - 1139 Words

Even though there are many people that deny that the Holocaust happened, Auschwitz is known as the biggest killing concentration camp that has ever existed. If individuals were in a concentration camp life was not easy, one was not treated like a prince or princess. Elie Wiesel says in his book Night â€Å"I did not move. What had happened to me? My father had just been struck, before my very eyes, and I had not flickered an eyelid.† Many people were tortured, beaten, and lived miserable lives. Life in a concentration camp was hell for anyone whether one was a guard or a prisoner. Even though many people do not believe that the Holocaust happened, Auschwitz was known as the biggest concentration camp that has ever existed. It is hard to†¦show more content†¦Adolf Hitler commanded his German army (Nazi’s) around to punish/torture the Jews(1). Some of his Nazi’s were SS camp officers.(1) Dr.Mengele was the camp’s doctor.(8) Mengele was known as the Angel of Death.(8) He did experiments with twins; torturing twins and trying different scientific methods such as painful surgery, switching organs, combining them together, and poisoning them.(8) He was also known to rub crushed glass and sandust into open wounds of patients whether they were twins or not. (8) The experience that people had at Auschwitz was frightful.(4) Many people including adults and children were put into gas chambers to suffocate, and stuffed into the crematorium to burn.(4) All of the Jewish slaves there were either worked to death, starved to death, or died of a disease.(4) In September 1941, 850 malnourished and ill prisoners were killed in an experimental gassing.(9) MassShow MoreRelated Response to On Going Home Essay861 Words   |  4 PagesHome, continuing changes in life makes it almost impossible to remove memories of ones past. Especially when one has been away from a previous home, which that person was raised, then return to that same home a number of years later. In a home which family and friends shared memories of events, news, gossip and situations, whether it be bad or good. Old artifacts and various family heirlooms in the home that stimulates a memory of those old times when used. Surrounding areas of that old home areRead MoreEdna St. Vincent Mill ay s Sonnet Iv1122 Words   |  5 Pagesthe end of the cigarette and the dream, but the speaker still continues her memories in the sestet to follow. Edna St. Vincent Millay’s â€Å"Sonnet IV† is similar to other Petrarchan sonnets in both structure and topic. Upon closer inspection, however, Millay’s poem challenges the classical topic of love seen in Italian sonnets by reversing the typical attempt at immortalization of the lover’s beauty and greatness through memory. This is creates a tension which aids to divide the poem into two parts, theRead MoreForgetfulness Billy Collins Analysis1411 Words   |  6 Pageshave learned. Memories that range from miniscule facts to important emotions can often leave unknowingly from our mind. Billy Collin’s â€Å"Forgetfulness† shows how memories are delicate and fragile, and that the process of forgetting is one that is nonchalant. Billy Collins effectively blends subtle humor and irony with a dramat ic tone shift to explain that ideas and facts that people think are important flee the mind, showing that nothing good can last. Although he refers to memories in a lightheartedRead MoreIf You Forget Me By Pablo Neruda1479 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Jang Professor D. Sarmiento English 110 September 28, 2016 Never Forget Me Many of us have felt that our view of love frequently changes. Pablo Neruda’s â€Å"If You Forget Me† is a great depiction of how love can be viewed from two different aspects. Neruda talks to his lover in a very romantic yet threatening way. He does this by being straight forward and detailed in his poem. Neruda starts the piece by presenting a loving and romantic picture for his lover, reminding her how much he lovesRead MoreWho Is Audrey? A?907 Words   |  4 Pageseventually be forgotten. No one lasts eternally in a mortal body. When I realized this, one of my greatest fears turned into a cruel fact. Throughout my entire youth, I wanted to be remembered; I dreamed being forever inserted in history books and anthologies, but the memory of a human life only endures for as long as one’s story is worth telling. If I became the next Shakespeare or Mozart, I still would one day be forgotten because even the great have a limited place in the memory of society. LessRead MoreHow Short and Long Term Memory Work Essay894 Words   |  4 Pages Short and Long Term Memory Your brain collects and forgets thousands, if not millions of memories every day. Every time you see, hear, feel, taste, and smell something, it comes into your mind and becomes a memory. A mental note is literally taken and shipped to your â€Å"short-term memory† file in your brain. Whether or not it gets pushed to â€Å"long-term memory† depends on how often you pull the sense from your brain, because if it is used often, your brain will automatically instruct itself not toRead MoreEssay Memories from a Sinking Ship1085 Words   |  5 PagesMemories from a sinking ship The chapters â€Å"Memories of a sinking ship† and â€Å"The forgotten† is about a boy named Roy who lives alone with his mother because his father is dead. It’s all about Roys’ life and it’s from his point of view. In the first chapter â€Å"Memories of a sinking ship† Roy stays at his grandmother in Chicago. The first time the mother leaves Roy with the grandmother, she is out with a rich boyfriend in Mexico. The second time she leaves him she’s going to see a friend who had aRead MoreEssay about Memorys Ghost in Beloved1576 Words   |  7 PagesMemory’s Ghost in Beloved â€Å"A moment lasts all of a second, but the memory lasts forever†- Anonymous In Toni Morrison’s Beloved, the concept of memory is so intertwined with the novel that it is becomes a character; like any character it has impulses, it breaths, it moves, it pushes action forward, and it prevents it; if repressed it sometimes fights; it gives life, and attempts to take it away. Memory and identity are inseparable and interchangeable; what happened in the past becomes not onlyRead MoreThe Legacy Of Veteran Suicide1189 Words   |  5 Pagesto suicide for the year of 2016 to date (â€Å"Operation Never Forgotten†). Veteran suicide is an ongoing problem because veterans enter the civilian world directly after receiving discharge from the armed forces and struggle with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and acute stress, and anxiety (â€Å"Veterans Services†). Veteran suicides have become a large concern for members of the United States Armed Forces, Operation Never Forgotten (ONF) is an organization that is helping veterans findR ead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1151 Words   |  5 PagesMan over Memory Can you precisely remember what happened to you exactly five years ago? The odds are that you cannot. If you have forgotten that, what else have you forgotten? Lord of the Flies is a book which places ordinary people in an unordinary situation. Schoolboys are stranded on an island in the middle of nowhere, alone. They quickly realize that having no adults means no rules. It is a novel of forgetfulness. Facts are suppressed, people are forgotten, and far too many are willing to look

Eco-Friendly Energy Efficient Building Development

Question: Discuss about the Report for Eco-Friendly Energy Efficient Building Development. Answer: Introduction: This report is about the development of an eco-friendly building. Todays world is facing serious problems regarding the global warming and shortage of energy sources. Eco-friendly buildings are also known as the green buildings or sustainable building. The development projects of this type of buildings have the concerns regarding economy, durability, comfort, utility and energy usage (Duds and Farkas 2014). The main aim of developing the eco-friendly buildings is to minimize the overall negative impacts of the building related activities on the human health and natural environment. These buildings uses less amount of water and optimizes all types of energy sources required for providing the comfort and utility facilities inside the building (Godre et al. 2013). These also use most of the natural sources and generates less amount of wastes and provides healthier space and environment than the tradition buildings. In this report, the details about the systematic design of a green building development project have been described. The project has been named as the Eco-building project. The methodology, conceptual design, preliminary design and the detailed design of each segment of the building have been described step by step in this report with some recommendations for achieving the desired level of success. Methodology: There are five basic principles of developing the Eco-building development project which will be considered with the utmost level of priority at the time of developing the project (Henderson 2013). The principles are: Energy efficiency Water efficiency Structure or design efficiency Waste reduction Materials efficiency The methodology of developing the Eco-building project is to use the natural resources rather than the traditional energy sources and other required materials. Most extreme supportability in materials and procedures, using environmentally inviting development and operation techniques that might be replicated inconclusively (Gajski et al. 2012). Utilization of low-effect, reused/recyclable, territorial, non-poisonous, and reasonably sourced materials is the main concept behind the methodology development. Asset and vitality effectiveness, utilizing elective and renewable vitality sources, for example, photovoltaic and wind power. Administration of frameworks and for ideal viability and productivity, including preservation and reusing of water and vitality will be given the high priority to the Eco-building development project (Hewitt et al. 2016). Conceptual System Design: The conceptual design of the Eco-building will help to understand the different types of system requirements for developing the project successfully in Australia. The building will be developed in such a manner where the energy equipments will use the less amount of power to be operated. In order to use the renewable energy sources, the building will require the infrastructure of producing, storing and using the energy form the natural sources like sunlight and wind (MiloeviĆ¡ et al. 2016). The shortage of water is a big issue to the whole world today. A water storage and purifying system is also required for the development project of the building to use the waste water and rain water for reusing. The wastes from the food products and some other organic wastes can be used for using as the fertilizer products for the plants. This system will be developed in the building development project (Rasiulis et al. 2016). Preliminary System Design: The conceptual design of the project has been given in the figure below. The rooftop of the building will contain solar panels. This will use the sunlight as the energy sources for the electric equipments that will be used inside the home. In case of low sunlight, the solar energy system may not be able to produce the required amount of energy for the building. In order to use natural energy source in that case, windmill system will be developed beside the building. In order to reuse the wastes of the building, a waste management system will be developed as a extended portion of the building (Stundon et al. 2015). The rain water and the extra waters used inside the house will be stored at a chamber, which will be purified by the water purifies system and reused for the household activities. Each of the floor will have a long balcony section. In the balconies, there will be small plants and grasses for keeping the environment cool and providing oxygen to the natural environment. Using the energy efficient indoor lighting system will help to reduce the electricity consumption of the building. Use of T5 lamps, solid state lighting and fluorescent lighting options will significantly help for minimizing the electricity consumption within the building (Ozcan-Deniz and Zhu 2015). Besides these, the application of the natural lighting options for example light tubes, clerestories and skylight will improve in maintaining the sustainability of the building and redce the overall energy consumption. Figure 1: Conceptual Diagram (Source: Author) Literature Review: Concept of eco-friendly building: According to Roudsari et al. (2013), eco-friendly buildings or the green buildings are developed for minimizing the negative impact of the human activities on the natural environment. The main aim of developing the buildings are to use the minimum level of valuable natural energy sources. In order to reduce the use of the energy sources, the buildings are developed with special equipments for using the alternative energy sources. The buildings are able to reducing the wastes and pollution to the world by recycling use of the waste materials. Another major concern of the green building is the minimum level of use of the water resources. The natural resources can be used for keeping the temperature of the building at a comfortable level. As per the viewpoint of Nguyen (2014), the green buildings are able to minimize the cost of the development and maintenance without decreasing the utility facilities inside the building. Use of natural energy sources and water: According to Kellison and Kim (2014), the most popular three natural energy sources are sunlight, wind and water. In the case of the green building development, the sunlight and wind can be used as the source of required electricity. The solar panel are the devices that used for converting the light energy of the sunlight to the electric energy. The energy can be stored in the battery system. The same thing can be done with the help of the Windmill for converting the motion energy of wind to the electrical energy. The wastage of water can be reduced by using the recycling system. In this system, the used water or the rain water are stored in a chamber and then supplied to the required places after purifying the water. Ventilation, heating and natural air-conditioning: The ventilation system of the buildings helps to reduce the temperature of the inside environment of the houses. Use of the burning furnaces for heating up the rooms is an efficient way of reducing the use of electricity for the heaters (Azizi and Wilkinson 2015). As mentioned by Brger and Strk (2012), the utilization of the Geothermal cooling and heating is one of the most common processes for keeping the temperature inside the residential building comfortable throughout the year. Chatzisideris et al. (2016) mentioned the Geothermal System utilizes the Earths natural energy for cooling and heating up the temperature of the residential buildings. () stated that the application of the geothermal system for a smaller area of the building is not feasible due to the installation and maintenance cost incurred by the system. The temperature of the ground floor is usually higher than the upper floors. The temperature of the ground floor rooms can be sent to the upper floors and vice versa f or marinating the average temperature of the building at a comfortable level. Detail Design and Development: Solar Panel: Figure 2: Rooftop Solar Panel (Source: Chatzisideris et al. 2016) The whole roof of the building will be covered by the solar panels. The direct heat of the sunlight at the large surface of the solar panels will help to produce a huge amount of electric energy. The solar panels will be connected to the battery and inverter system installed inside of the building. The energy will be stored at the batteries (Chatzisideris et al. 2016). The stored energy will be used at the time when the sunlight will be not available. Windmill: Figure 3: Windmill (Source: Frost 2014) Another alternative energy source will be used because the sunlight may not be available for a long time period at the time of bad weather condition. The windmill will help to utilize the motion of the air for producing energy and store it at the same way like the solar energy (Frost 2014). Basically, at the time of bad weather conditions, the sun is not present in the sky but the wind is available at a high speed the windmill will be able to produce huge amount of energy. Green Balcony: Figure 4: Grass and plants at balcony (Source: Sharma et al. 2012) As mentioned earlier, the building will consists of long balconies. There will be lots of plants and grasses in the balconies. This will help to reduce the temperature of the environment of the building. This will be use as a natural resource of coolness. The plants will contribute huge amount of oxygen to the environment (Sharma et al. 2012). The activities of the building may be cause of reducing the oxygen level at the air. The green balcony concept will help to increase the oxygen level. Water recycling system: Figure 5: Water recycling system (Source: Linge et al. 2013) At the front of the Eco-building, a water preserver will be developed under the ground. The rain water from the roof will directly go to the preserver via pipeline. The other reusable water will also be stored in the preserver. The water will be purified and supplied to the building for the different types of use. This will help to reduce the cost of general household activities, which related to the use of the water (Linge et al. 2013). The purifier system and motor system will be installed inside of the building for supplying the water from the preserver and purifying it for using in general household activities. Waste Recycling: Figure 6: Waste recycling (Source: Waite 2013) The organic wastes of the building will be converted to the compost fertilizer products. This will be used for the maintenance of the green balcony of the building (Waite 2013). The cost of maintenance will be decreased via this method and the waste products will also be used which will help to reduce the pollution level of the environment. Case Analysis: In the Eco-building project, both the solar and air energy will be used for producing the electrical energy. The installation of the solar panel for the electricity generation from the solar energy is much higher for the residential building. It will also help to reduce the carbon emission. In case of excess of the energy by the two sources of production, the excess amount may be supplied to other buildings (Duds and Farkas 2014). This will help to reduce the cost of maintaining the building and the infrastructure related to the renewable energy uses and other segments of the building. The water recycling system is present to reduce the use of underground water and sue the rain water. The cost of water use and the contribution to the pollution to the environment can be reduced by the use of this system (Bhatnagar and Srinivasan 2013). The energy efficient light and fans and other electric equipments will reduce the use of energy and will increase the sustainability of the building th e different types of systems installed within it. Conclusion: All the details about the development of an eco-friendly building have been given in this report. The project has the name as Eco-building development. The implementations of the system design during the development of the eco-friendly buildings in Australia, has assisted in successfully design and develop the residential buildings. With the implementation of the different phases of the system design, the development of the environmental conscious buildings has been able to provide the efficient development of the building. In addition to that, the system design helps in the identification of the different needs and requirement for reducing the carbon emission and reduces the impact of the building on the environment. Moreover, following the detailed system design has provided the understanding of the system and implementing the project. Detailed description of each of the systems parts that will be sued for developing the building have been analyzed in this report. Recommendation: In order to achieve the desired level of success in the development of the Eco-building project the following recommendations should be followed: Feasibility study: A detailed feasibility study needs to be carried out before starting the development of the project. The financial feasibility, technical feasibility and the time feasibilities all need to be considered at the beginning level of the project. Proper Cost Allocation: For implementation of the project, there is a need for maintaining the cost allocation and distribution of the entire project. The whole development project should be subdivided into several parts. Proper cost allocation is required for each of the sections. Proper management: Other factors for sustainable development like rooftop farming, wastewater management can be included in the project. The different types of systems associated with Eco-building should be monitored periodically and proper care should be taken for the maintenance of the systems. Proper use of the waste management system: The waste management system will be able to convert the organic waste materials to compost fertilizer. This system is not able too handle the inorganic waste products. Therefore, the users should be aware about this factor and should not throw the inorganic waste products to the system. References: Azizi, N.S.M. and Wilkinson, S., 2015. Motivation Factors in Energy Saving Behaviour between Occupants in Green and Conventional Buildings--Malaysia Case Study. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 6(7), p.491. Bhatnagar, J. and Srinivasan, V.A.S.A.N.T.H.I., 2013. Building sustainability through people capability: a case study of Wipro ltd. NHRD Netw J, 6(6), pp.36-45. Brger, E. and Strk, R., 2012. Abstract state machines: a method for high-level system design and analysis. Springer Science Business Media. Chatzisideris, M.D., Espinosa, N., Laurent, A. and Krebs, F.C., 2016. Ecodesign perspectives of thin-film photovoltaic technologies: A review of life cycle assessment studies. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. Duds, A. and Farkas, L., 2014. Building Physical, Energetical and Hygrothermal Analysis of Earth-Sheltered Building Constructions. In Advanced Materials Research (Vol. 899, pp. 369-373). Trans Tech Publications. Frost, E.O., 2014. Producing electric power from the wind: a study of windmill blade flow mechanics. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 113(2), pp.130-131. Gajski, D.D., Dutt, N.D., Wu, A.C. and Lin, S.Y., 2012. HighLevel Synthesis: Introduction to Chip and System Design. Springer Science Business Media. Godre, A., Nikolaev, A. and Rai, R., 2013, November. An energy consumption rewards system to incentivize environmentally conscious social behavior. In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (pp. V012T13A068-V012T13A068). American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Henderson, J.M., 2013. Finding a Place for Wood in Non-Residential Design: LEED vs. Green Globes Certification (Doctoral dissertation). Hewitt, E.L., Andrews, C.J., Senick, J.A., Wener, R.E., Krogmann, U. and Sorensen Allacci, M., 2016. Distinguishing between green building occupants reasoned and unplanned behaviours. Building Research Information, 44(2), pp.119-134. Kellison, T.B. and Kim, Y.K., 2014. Marketing Pro-Environmental Venues in Professional Sport: Planting Seeds of Change Among Existing and Prospective Consumers. Journal of Sport Management, 28(1). Linge, K.L., Blythe, J.W., Busetti, F., Blair, P., Rodriguez, C. and Heitz, A., 2013. Formation of halogenated disinfection by-products during microfiltration and reverse osmosis treatment: implications for water recycling. Separation and Purification Technology, 104, pp.221-228. MiloeviĆ¡, D., Bajanski, I., SaviĆ¡, S. and Ã…Â ½iberna, I., 2016. BENEFITS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SIMULATIONS FOR THE URBAN PLANNING PROCESS. Between Computational Models and Performative Capacities, p.24. Nguyen, M.K., 2014. Green Buildings, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Stock Market Performance. Ozcan-Deniz, G. and Zhu, Y., 2015. A multi-objective decision-support model for selecting environmentally conscious highway construction methods. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 21(6), pp.733-747. Rasiulis, R., Ustinovichius, L., VilutienÄ—, T. and Popov, V., 2016. Decision model for selection of modernization measures: public building case. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 22(1), pp.124-133. Roudsari, M.S., Pak, M. and Smith, A., 2013, August. Ladybug: a parametric environmental plugin for grasshopper to help designers create an environmentally-conscious design. In Proceedings of the 13th International IBPSA Conference Held in Lyon, France Aug. Sharma, P., Jha, A.B., Dubey, R.S. and Pessarakli, M., 2012. Reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage, and antioxidative defense mechanism in plants under stressful conditions. Journal of Botany, 2012. Stundon, D., Spillane, J., Lim, J.P., Tansey, P. and Tracey, M., 2015. Building information modelling energy performance assessment on domestic dwellings: a comparative study. In Proceedings for 31stAnnual ARCOM Conference (pp. 671-679). ARCOM. Waite, R., 2013. Household waste recycling. Routledge.

Contours of a Bible-Based Christ-Centered Worldview

Question: Discuss about theContours of a Bible-Basedfor Christ-Centered Worldview. Answer: Introduction The author of the passage is Hosea, one of the Minor Prophets in the Bible. The passage is found in the first of the Book of the Twelve which is characterized by brevity in the contents of the writings (Kelle 2008). Hosea lived in the times of the reign of king Jeroboam II. The book depicts Hosea as an emotional man who was known to shift emotions from fierce anger to deep tenderness. The book of Hosea is known to have been written during the eighth century BC and more precisely between 786BC to 746 BC. At the time when Hosea wrote the book, the people of Israel had forsaken God and had become unfaithful through idolatry and the oppression of the poor. To refer to Israel, Hosea uses the tribe of Ephraim, which from history is known as the largest tribe in Israel. The book draws a parallel of Hoseas marriage to an unfaithful wife to the covenant that God had made with the Israelites (Thompson 2014). The vision of God to Hosea, where He talked about his disappointment in the people of Israel is what motivated Hosea to write the book. The book was meant to express how God felt and what he planned as the punishment upon the Israelites as a result of forsaking him. The first chapter of the book of Hosea was written to express the disappointment of the Lord God after the people of Israel had forsaken Him (Bible Gateway 2016).). Hosea uses the term adulteress to depict the Israelites as they had become unfaithful to God who had called them his people and acknowledged to be their God. It is in the first chapter that God expresses the punishment that he was to pour upon the Israelites of which one was to disown them and no longer show his love to them (Biblescripture.net 2016). Further punishment was that he would put an end to their kingdom. The second chapter shows the process in which God was planning to use to regain his people back to Himself. The section explains the process of restoration and reestablishment of the people of Israel. It is in this chapter where God promises to reclaim the Israelites back and be their God just as before (Wolff, Stansell Hanson n.d.). The third chapter of the book expresses the fact that God, despite his displeasure in his people, was ready to forgive them and regenerate the intimate relationship he had with them in the beginning. Marriage is one of the themes that are prominent in the passage. God is portrayed as a jealous husband while Israel is depicted as an unfaithful wife. Israel plays the role of a harlot as she had engaged herself with pagan idolatry. Repentance is also a prominent theme in the passage. Due to the unfaithfulness of Israel, God was displeased and promised judgment upon her, and for him to relent and change his mind, there was the need for repentance on the side of Israel. As an expression of repentance, the Israel was to practice righteousness for her to be accepted back by God as his people (Kakkanattu 2006). Violation of the covenant terms is another theme that is clearly depicted in the passage. The Israelites had promised to follow the commands that God gave them at Mount Sinai, but in the passage, God expresses how they had become rebellious. In the days of Hosea, as depicted in the second chapter of the book of Hosea, the sins of the parents directly affected the lives of the children. Verse four of the second chapter states that God would deny his love for the children born out of adultery. In the Christian life today, the sins of the parents do not affect the lives of their offspring. Because of the punishment that Jesus bore at the cross of Calvary, all the sins of the past were forgiven once and for all hence this portion of the passage is irrelevant in the current day relationship between God and man. The theme of repentance as depicted in the passage is one of the principles that are relevant in current day life today. Just like in the passage, restoration of a broken intimate relationship between God and man and also among the human beings is restored when the one who is in the wrong decides to turn from their ways and seek reconciliation. Marriage is another theme from the passage, one that is relevant in life today. The marriage institution is sacred, but it can be spoiled by adultery and promiscuity just like in the story of Hosea and his wife (Dearman 2010). Love, contrite repentance and forgiveness, however, can reconstruct the sacred bond when it is broken as shown in the passage. The principle of marriage is relevant to the ways of lives in today. God remains faithful even when his people abandon his ways and become unfaithful to him. In the passage, Gods faithfulness does not change even when Israel takes up the worship of other gods. The only occurrence that happens is that he is displeased when Israel adopts the worship of idols, and this is what makes him want to punish them. Gods love is unconditional, and this is one of the unchanging characters of God brought out by the passage. To be in a relationship with him means to trust and rely on him entirely, live him with all our heart, minds and strength and serve him alone. We are always required to draw near to him, rely on him, and when we wander away, we should always repent and go back to him. The passage is relevant to Christian life today because it reminds us of Gods faithfulness and love which are still constant in the day today and which do not change (Book-Satterlee 2012). The passage talks of repentance which remains a crucial step in going back to God when one sins. The passage is teaching and reminding me that Gods love is unconditional and that he remains faithful at all times. The passage is teaching me to repent when I err so that I can be reconciled back to him. References Bible Gateway. (2016). Bible Gateway passage: Hosea 1 - New International Version. [online] Available at: https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hosea+1 [Accessed 19 Oct. 2016]. Biblescripture.net. (2016). THE BOOK OF THE PROPHET HOSEA. [online] Available at: https://biblescripture.net/Hosea.html [Accessed 19 Oct. 2016]. Book-Satterlee, K. (2012). Book Review: Roger Helland Leonard Hjalmarson Missional Spirituality: Embodying God's Love from the Inside Out. Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies, 29(4), pp.318-319. Dearman, J. (2010). The book of Hosea. Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans Pub. Co. Kakkanattu, J. (2006). God's enduring love in the book of Hosea. Tu?bingen: Mohr Siebeck. Kelle, B. (2008). God's Enduring Love in the Book of Hosea: A Synchronic and Diachronic Analysis of Hosea 11, 1-11 - By Joy Philip Kakkanattu. Religious Studies Review, 34(4), pp.286-286. Thompson, P. (2014). Book Review: Is There a Future for God's Love? An Evangelical Theology. By Henry H. Knight III. Theological Studies, 75(1), pp.189-191. Wolff, H., Stansell, G. and Hanson, P. (n.d.). Hosea.

PSEUDOSCIENCE †CREATIONAL SCIENCE

Free Essays on Illegal Migrant Labor In The United States

Illegal Migrant Labor in the United States They stand on corners early in the morning waiting to be picked up. They’re not prostitutes and they’re not criminals but rather the are ordinary people who come to this country from all over the globe in search of work. They’re Mexican , Haitian, Salvadoran, and various other ethnic groups who have left their countries for a variety of reasons. Some are just looking to make some money while others have left in order to escape poor and often times repressive conditions in their home countries. These people see America as a land of opportunity but these opportunities are not easy to find and when do find them they’re often times grueling tasks that no American is willing to perform. Through my extensive search I found two articles that caught my attention. The first was from the November 10th New York Times Magazine. It covered different aspects of illegal migrant labor including, working conditions and treatment from employers as well as Americans in general. In the article was a lengthy description on the plight of illegal Mexican laborers in Long Island. In one particular instance workers were attacked by the local population primarily because of racial prejudice (most of the workers are Latinos while the town is mostly white). There were also narratives of the daunting tasks the workers perform for very little money. The second article was from the front page of New York Times and talked about the scandal at a Tyson Foods meat packing plant , which involved the smuggling of workers from Mexico all the way to Kentucky to work at the plant. The plant managers did this in order to save costs but their scheme was uncovered when one of the workers notified the police. The primary reason why people hire illegal migrant laborers is they’re a source of cheap labor. Every year landscapers, far... Free Essays on Illegal Migrant Labor In The United States Free Essays on Illegal Migrant Labor In The United States Illegal Migrant Labor in the United States They stand on corners early in the morning waiting to be picked up. They’re not prostitutes and they’re not criminals but rather the are ordinary people who come to this country from all over the globe in search of work. They’re Mexican , Haitian, Salvadoran, and various other ethnic groups who have left their countries for a variety of reasons. Some are just looking to make some money while others have left in order to escape poor and often times repressive conditions in their home countries. These people see America as a land of opportunity but these opportunities are not easy to find and when do find them they’re often times grueling tasks that no American is willing to perform. Through my extensive search I found two articles that caught my attention. The first was from the November 10th New York Times Magazine. It covered different aspects of illegal migrant labor including, working conditions and treatment from employers as well as Americans in general. In the article was a lengthy description on the plight of illegal Mexican laborers in Long Island. In one particular instance workers were attacked by the local population primarily because of racial prejudice (most of the workers are Latinos while the town is mostly white). There were also narratives of the daunting tasks the workers perform for very little money. The second article was from the front page of New York Times and talked about the scandal at a Tyson Foods meat packing plant , which involved the smuggling of workers from Mexico all the way to Kentucky to work at the plant. The plant managers did this in order to save costs but their scheme was uncovered when one of the workers notified the police. The primary reason why people hire illegal migrant laborers is they’re a source of cheap labor. Every year landscapers, far...

Business report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Business report - Essay Example The purpose of higher education centres is to award various professional certificates and academic degrees to the students who are the main beneficiaries to their services. This report will have two sections and the first section will have introduction, statement of the problem, significance of the study, scope of the study, literature review, and methods of the study. The second section will have various findings, discussions, and recommendations. Section One Introduction to the study Very many countries have expanded their higher education opportunity for most of their students as well as other international students and an example of these countries is the United States. The urge for the various expansion processes is to appeal to other countries around the globe to put more emphasis on higher education since various skills and techniques can be learnt at these stages. However, the establishment of policies in these higher education institutions has proved to be a challenge to the United States as well as other countries. Some of the challenges that are faced in this 21st century are existence of gaps in the higher education due to the various economic hardship as well as lack of fair access also due to the economic hardships that some of the students faced. The gaps are also faced in terms of the enrolment of the female student verses male students in these higher education institutions. Poverty has also proved to be one of the major challenges that face many students that attend these institutions of higher education (Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission 2013, p.2). Statement of the problem The low enrolment of students in some higher education institutions like Ontario has raised a lot of concerns when it comes to pursuing higher education in this city. According to the College Student Alliance (2011), the low enrolment could be attributed to economic factors that tend to acts as a barrier to many students from poor families. Apart from low enrolm ent another problem that faces many students in higher education is lack of fair access to the various facilities within these institutions. Significance of the study This report will tend to provide various remedies and recommendations that can be used to solve the already existing problems in higher education. This study will also tend to focus on the various improvements in higher education enrolment through earlier preparation of the high school students to develop a liking for higher education institutions. Besides preparation of the high school students, this study will also focus on the various ways of streamlining the education processes in higher education institutions. Scope of the study This study will focus on the various limiting factors that act as barriers for many students who are joining these institutions. Besides the factors mentioned earlier such as gaps, fair access challenge, and various breakthrough, the study will also extend to good policy and practice among the processes of education in these institutions of higher learning. Literature review According to Ross and Kena (2012), a gap exists between the participation of the female and male students in various higher education institutions and the gaps cuts across all races. The issue of the gap has also been echoed

Comparison of Two Organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Comparison of Two Organisation - Essay Example The best fit organisational structure depends on many factors such as organisational goals, industry structure, and number of employees, employee maturity, type of product and service, customer expectations, geographical scope and so on. However, in order to understand the organisational structures and designs of Biogenta plc and Outback Inc., two generic forms of organisational structures and designs would be sufficient. There are mechanistic and organic organisational structures. Biogenta represents the latter whereas Outback is just the right example of the former (Cameron and Quinn, 2011, pp. 52-53). Mechanistic organisations have a rigid and tightly controlled structure. Mechanistic structures are characterised with a high degree of specialisation, inflexible departmentalisation, and narrow span of control, a significantly high degree of formalisation, centralisation and strong and unchallengeable chain of command. Mechanistic organisations such as Outback Inc. tend to rely on p rudent rules and regulations to control the behaviour of all the members (Cameron and Quinn, 2011, pp. 52-53). As mentioned earlier that mechanistic structures are not â€Å"appalling† or â€Å"unfit† within themselves. In fact, organisations which are operating within stable, calculated and predictable environment should go for mechanistic organisational structures since it helps them to maximise their control. Many governmental organisations and large corporations, especially until a few decades back, show characteristics of mechanistic structures. When the political, social, legal, environmental, economic, cultural and technological forces along with the industry’s competitive... This essay stresses that Outback Inc should move towards a more organic organisational structure by decentralising, widening the span of control, cutting down the hierarchical levels, reducing the impact of departments, creating more and more cross functional and hierarchical teams and decreasing formalisation. †¢ Outback should also create mechanisms to gradually and steadily change its organisational culture from a power culture to a more democratic and constructive culture where employees feel more empowered to share their ideas and thoughts. Outback could learn from the experience and strategies of Biogenta in terms of creating cross departmental and cross hierarchical teams since the same would bring employees together and foster communication. All work and no play have been making the employees of Outback dull and lethargic. The company should create mechanisms to produce adventure for its employees as well as it does for its customers. This report makes a conclusion that Biogenta knows how to use the variables and dynamics of organisational behaviour in its own favour and maximise the productivity of the organisation. On the other hand, Outback has been very slow in responding to the signals and alarms and time has come that it should initiate some major changes. Following are a few recommendations in this regard. The paper provides some recommendations based on the analysis and discussion.

Employment At Will-Doctrine Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Employment At Will-Doctrine - Research Paper Example The assumption in this doctrine is that the employee only supplies the labor and has no legal interest in the business enterprise other than to be paid for the labor offered while the employer has the sole right to determine everything on how the enterprise operates or it is run. The American labor law has however been in a confused mode as in certain instances; there courts and the legislature develop some rules to limit the employers’ absolutism over his employees while at the same time adhering to the employment at will doctrine. Therefore, the premise of the doctrine is that the employer has the sovereignty over the rights of the employees except to the extent it has expressly granted those rights and expresses as well as implements the subordination of workers to the persons who have control over the business enterprise. In the absence of a provision protecting the employee from such acts in the employment contract, workers are subordinate and their terms and conditions o f employment can be changed in any way and at any time meaning they can be dismissed without reason or notice. Due to the ambivalence of the employment at will doctrine, the courts have made decisions to limit its scope in order to provide protection to employees who may be unfairly dismissed or unjustly discharged from employment. One way the courts have diminished the scope of employment at will doctrine is to allow an employee discharged from employment to sue in tort rather than in contract as held in Petermann v. Intl Bhd. of Teamsters, Local 396, 344 P.2d 25 (Cal. Dist. Ct. App. 1959). In this case, the California court held that the discharging of an employee along the doctrine because he refused to commit perjury was contrary to public policy and therefore the employee could sue the employer for emotional distress, loss of income as well as punitive damages. Limitations on employment at will doctrine has also

Manpower Planning in the Hospitality Industry

Manpower Planning in the Hospitality Industry Manpower Planning Manpower planning can be defined as the development of plan to meet the supply of worker to the availability of job at an organisation. Manpower planning involves reviewing the current manpower resource, and forecasting the future requirement of manpower. the main objective of manpower planning is to making sure the requirement of supply of individuals and skill to meets demand. This is a responsibility of the Human Resource Manager to make sure the organisation meets with the demand of manpower. Human Resource Manager when conducting a interview with the candidate has to make sure that candidate should meet the requirement of the job, like his education and qualification, Training and Experience, Personal Attributes. Source :- Buzzle.com Need of Manpower Planning Marriott gives a lot of importance to manpower planning, as they have to decide for next couple of years how many employees do they require as a plan for expansion, right for the entry level to managerial position. This will help the organisation to expand their business. Employer can plan their Labour cost and work according to it. By Recruiting new candidates will the help the organisation with new and unique ideas which will help the company to gain more market share. IT helps in internal growth of the employee within the organisation. Manpower planning helps the company to have right number employees to meet their demand. Labour Market Strategy:- The labour Market for Marriott is fluctuating, it keeps on changing as per the customer trend, but manpower strategy helps Marriott to work on a plan to calculate how many staff they require during busy time. There are four external factors which influence on the supply and quality of labour in an organisation. It is called as PEST (Political, Economic, Social, and Technology) PEST Analysis is a useful tool in understanding for companies development and its position in market, it also helps to understand the prospective direction for the business, The pest analysis is a contraction of political, Economic , Social, Technology , Legal, Environment. www.businessballs.com Political :- The Changes in the government policy may affect the organisation in many ways, in early this year the government changed in Value Added Service to 17.5%, changes in national minimum wage Marriott has a organisation will have to re-plan their strategies for labour cost, changes in government policies and taxation will hamper expansion plans Marriott Economic:- Due to the Global Economic crisis , most of organisation including Marriott had to made severe changes in their development plan and labour strategies. Due to recession organisations are controlling the labour cost as the demand as gone down. Most of the organisation are facing problem of excess labour, there is more supply labour available than the demand, More than 2 million people are jobless in Britain. Social :- Marriott has to be updated with the current customer trend, Organisation has to be aware of demographic changes such as:- age, population, region. To make any changes in their policies, Marriott has introduced Graduate Programme Development Opportunities for meeting the demand for manpower. Technology: Marriott is been innovative and is spending good amount from the profit towards technology or alternative ways of service for e.g.:- online booking, self check in and checkout. Such innovation needs skilled workers and there is a tremendous opportunity for skilled workers. Marriot by Using of new technology helps proper utilization of manpower of the organisation.   [Google docs slide manpower planning Maria P]   Factors to be Considered in by Marriott to estimate the demand for manpower Organization expansion- The organization looks for expansion of business in future to meet the expectation of customer. The future plan of Marriott is look to accommodate the tourist customer in their hotel for Olympic as these can create the future demand for labour. When the expansion of the organization is more then supply and demand needs to balance. The expansion is major factor for demand for labour in future. Internal demand- The internal demand can be promotion and dismal can be the factor for organization to create the demand and supply for labour. The top management and human resource also plays the major part for demanding the labour, such as recruitment of staff requirement to met the expansion their growth. Economic factor- The economic factor plays the important role in demanding the future labour. The economic growth can create the average spending power of the customer. The business can be expand as hospitality industry has invested more during the recession as the land rate has been drop and labour cost also. The strong economic of every country can create demand for labour Salary and Benefits: The Salary and benefits can be one of the factors that can demand the manpower for future. The marriot are providing with better and higher pay with benefit were most of the employee are attracted towards Marriott. They are providing better benefit then their competitor so that they can create a demand for manpower in future with this policies and plan of salary and benefit. Labour Turnover -Number of employee leave the firm through dismissal or resignation during a period to the number of employee on the payroll during the same period. dictionary.reference.com Calculating labour turnover Number of staff leaving in a year Average number employed in the same period x 100 This method of calculating turnover helps the organisation, to calculate manpower requirement for the future. Calculating labour turnover for Marriott for the year 2009, in various department Department No of employee left the organisation New Employee Turnover % Kitchen 8 19 42.10526316 Front Office 22 35 62.85714286 Food Beverage 166 207 80.19323671 House keeping 110 150 73.33333333 Employee turnover has a crucial consequence on the supply of the labour to an organisation, the turnover can classified into two category (1). Voluntary turnover ( 2). Compulsory turnover Voluntary Turnover :- Employee leaving job as he or she has found a new job Employee leaving the job due geographical mobility Leaving the job due to pregnancy. Employee leaving the job due to ill-related problems Retirement Changes in immigration law Working conditions Compulsory Turnover :- Release for misconduct. Made redundant due to recession. Release due to medical condition. John Stredwick Effects on organisation due to labour turnover:- There is a direct expenditure involved in replacement process by the organisation for Recruiting, Hiring and Training. At times organisation have staffs which are under-performing, if the under-performing staff decides to resign, it is beneficial for the organisation as they can hire somebody who is more productive and more skilful then the under-performing staff. 2008/09 in the U.K due to recession most of the skilled/Unskilled workers were made redundant more than 2 million were unemployed during this period, As major event approaching in 2012, the hospitality industry has to invest a lot direct cost in recruitments to match with the demand. Retention of an Employee:- Means trying to stop the employee from leaving the organisation. Marriott can offer rise in salary/wages to retain the employee, depending on his skills and experience. Offer the employee an opportunities for in house training programme, which will help his development within the organisation. If the Employee is planning to resign due to the long working hours, the organisation can offer him flexible working hours. If the Employee is not keen on continuing with a particular department for example Food and Beverage(Service), and wants to explore his skills in Front Office. Marriott as a organisation do have policy in place for inter department transfer. Marriott conducts a Exit Interview before the employee leaves the organisation, It helps Marriott to understand what they need to practice or make changes in their work culture, which will help to control employee turnover. John Stredwick Forecasting for Manpower Planning Forecasting is a important action in setting up the business plan, forecasting can be from 1,2, or 5 years depending on for whom the plan is to be presented, Marriott needs consider the upcoming event in count as well. Share-holder Bank Principal of Demand and Supply of Labour Demand and Supply Demand High Supply High Demand Low Supply Low Training Development Selection Changes Organisation Policies Labour cost control Internal Placement Forecasting Redundant Recruitment Demotion Table above helps Marriott to forecast manpower demand and supply, if there is a rise in demand, and supply is high then the Human Resource Manager should recruit staff member and Manager should promote internal staff member to meet the requirement of the company, If demand and supply is low than the manager should focus on forecast and training, if demand low and supply is high then the organisation has to control labour cost. Or may go to extend redundant some of the members of the staff. In Hospitality industry Demand and Supply of labour keeps on varying depending on the Events, Market trends, and Global crisis. There are few events which can be considered by human resource manager to predict the manpower demand. members.tripod.com Major Event in United Kingdom in next 5 years 2010- Women Rugby World Cup 2011- Ryder Cup. 2012- Olympics. 2012- ICC Twenty 20 World Cup. 2015- Men Rugby World Cup. http://www.code13.co.uk Working Arrangement for Marriott as Recommended Full -Time Employee :- As a Full Time employee they are entitled to work 40 hours a week, Marriott has a ratio of 60 to 40 i.e 60% of their employee are full time, and 40% are part time employee. Full time are flexible when its comes to working hours. Part-Time Employee:- As a Part Time employee they are entitled to work 20 hours a week, Part timers do get all the benefit as an employee, As they are students in United Kingdom they can only work for 20 hrs work Agency :- Marriot should outsource labour through agency, When Marriott has event planned they can contact the agency and outsource staff for the event. Marriott can practice this format of hiring outsource staff for a event as cost would be minimal then hiring a full time staff or a part- time staff. Contract:- Marriott should employ, staff on contract. Employee on contract is beneficial for Marriott, as per the contract the employee can be associated with Marriott only last for 6 months. Contract employee would be getting the same benefit as a full time or part time staff of Marriott. Causal :- Marriott can appoint causal staff which is beneficial for the organisation, as they dont have to give contract hours, they can use these causal staff depending upon the business of Marriott. Job Sharing:- One job is Shared by two people, in this case the benefit is which organisation provides is also shared. It is beneficial to the employer. Internship :- Marriott Should hire students who are on internship through their college, this not only help their manpower planning, but also fill in the requirement of the organisation, Internship programme student get the same benefit as a full time employee. BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS Stredwick, J. (2005)  Human resource management.  Second edition, UK, Elsevier Buttersworth-Heinemann 55-58. Marchington m and Wilkinson(2008) A Human Resource Management at work, People Management and development Fourth Edition. INTERNET http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/9-12-2004-59200.asp Last Assessed on 17th January 2010 http://www.businessballs.com/pestanalysisfreetemplate.htm last Assessed on 9th January 2010 http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/employee%20turnover Last Assessed on 25th January 2010 www.members.tripod.com Last Assessed on January 5th 2010 http://www.code13.co.uk/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=141:2010-the-golden-decade-of-sport-beginscatid=39:blogsItemid=2 Last Assessed on January 29th 2010 JOURNAL Evening Standard 24/01/2010. Page 1 Marriott Handbook Legislation for an Organisation Avinash Nayak 767689 Task 2 Legislation for an organisation Recruitment and Employment :- Is a process of hiring in the right candidate for the job to met the requirement of staffing. Working Time Regulation :- This Law was brought into practice from October 1998, This law applies all the business and to all workers. Marriot has to comply with law, this law include :- Maximum Working hours should not exceed more than 48hrs a week. Employee is entitled for daily break as per the contract. Employee is entitled for weekly break. For example:- if he is working 6 days a week, he is entitled for 1 day off. Employee is entitled for Annual holidays. The law is in place for different age groups:- 16-17 and 18 16-17 They are entitled to work 40 hrs a week,(8 hrs a day) They are entitled for a 30 mins break if the shift last more than 4.5 hrs They are entitled for 2 days weekly off 18 They are entitled to work 48 hrs a week, not more than 6 days a week. They are entitle for a 20 mins break if their shift last more than 6 hrs. They are entitled for 1 day off a week. www.businesslink.com Implication:- Employer should make sure working hours and breaks regulation are mentioned in the contract. Employee are entitled to take their break after 6 hrs, at least for 20 mins. Employer should make sure they give enough rest time between two shifts i.e 11 hrs rest time every 24 hrs. Application:- A Line Manager should be appointed to monitor the daily clock in and clock out through, Muster Book, latest software where an employee can clock in and out as well his breaks. Line Manager should make sure working hours of an employee should not exceed the contract hours All Employees should be sign a copy of contract and understand the importance of complying with law, as it is beneficial for both the employee and employer. Statutory Provisions:- Health and Safety Act 1974:- This Act was brought into practice 1974 to make sure employer are providing a safe place for their employees to work. Implication :- To make sure the working environment is safe for the employees of Marriot. Training Should be conducted on all the employees, so that they are aware what do they need to do in an event of accident. Equipment in use should be safe for use, in case of accidents should be reported. Fire Exit should be free from any obstacles. Application :- Have a Health and Safety committee, conduct the meeting on periodically bases, Risk assessment should be completed on all employees. Training files should be updated on monthly basis, as well Re-Fresher course should be conducted on all the employees every 3 to 4 months. Health and Safety information should be displayed as well the contact details in case of emergency. www.direct.gov.uk Codes of Practice :- Disciplinary :- Employer use this method to tell the employee that their act or their conduct is not up to the standards as likely. Needs to be improved.It is a 4 step process-1.Verbal Warning 2.Written Warning 3. Inform the employee about the decision 4. Appeal if the employee wants to make a appeal against the decision. Implication :- Marriott can conduct the disciplinary with an employee only when there is a violation of organisation policies or in the case of employee is under performing. Marriott should have enough evidence to take disciplinary action against the employee. Application:- Marriott should follow disciplinary procedure in a formal method, everything should be recorded for reference. Proper investigation needs to be done by the employer before coming to a decision. Employee will get a opportunity appeal against the decision. Employee has the right to demand explanation for the employer, on the decision. Employer may suspend the employee during the disciplinary process is going on. www.acas.org.uk Organisation :- National Minimum WageAct:- This Act was brought into practice in 1998, the objective behind this law was to a minimum wage that the employer(Marriott) needs to pay his employee. National Minimum wage differs depending on the employee age 5.73 to 5.80 an hour for aged 22 and over. 4.77 to 4.83 an hour for aged 18 to 21 years. 3.53 to 3.57 an hour for aged 16 to 17 years. Implication :- Labour cost of Marriott would be soaring, has they will have to give out a major portion from their income towards wages. Marriott will have to cut working hours of the employee to keep a control on labour cost. Marriott may layoff few of their employees, which will lead to unemployment. Application :- Marriott should re -plan their strategy Marriott may have to increase their room charges or menu price as they have to cover the rise in employee wages. Latest changes in the wages needs to be communicated to all departments and effective date as well. During the Peak time of the business, Marriott will have to hire temporary workers to meet the demand. www.direct.gov.uk

Handmaids Tale Essay -- essays research papers

Many of the principles of Gilead are based on Old Testament beliefs. Discuss Atwoods use of biblical allusions and their political significance in the novel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ‘The Handmaids Tale’ is a book full of biblical allusions, before Atwood begins the text an epigraph gives us an extract from Genesis 30: 1-3 â€Å"And when Rachel saw that she bare Jacob no children, Rachel envied her sister; and said unto Jacob, Give me children, or else I die. And Jacob’s anger was kindled against Rachel; and he said, Am I in God’s stead, who hath withheld from thee the fruit of the womb? And she said, Behold my maid Bilhah, go in unto her; and she shall bear upon my knees, that I may also have children by her.† This principle from the Bible is used throughout ‘The Handmaids Tale’, the principles being that it is the idea of both assemblages that a women’s duty is to have children and that it is acceptable for a man to be angry if a women can not produce a child. Both these beliefs show that in jointly the Bible and ‘The Handmaids Tale’, women are completely defined by fertility and are classed as ‘walking wombs’. ‘The Handmaids Tale’ recreates the selected stanzas from the bible with Jacob, Rachel, Leah and the two handmaids. The tale is an Old Testament story about surrogate mothers, on which the novel is based. The section gives biblical precedent for the several practices of Gilead, by doing this it paves the way for Atwood to comment on patriarchy where women are undervalued and abused in all walks of life. The idea is also expressed later when we discover the ‘Red Centre’ governmentally known as the ‘Rachel a nd Leah Centre’. As the basis of the novel it is replicated many times throughout the text, for example, it is found in the family reading before the monthly ceremonies, and in Rachel’s plea ‘give me children, or else I die’. This clearly lays emphasis on the threat to the Handmaids life. By failing to produce a child, they will be classed as Unwomen and sent to the Colonies to die. Atwood, to coordinate with biblical references has employed a biblical name for the place where the book is set. Gilead is the name Atwood saw fit to call her town. The fundamentalist Republic of Gilead is named after a place in the Old Testament, a mountainous region east of Jordan. Gilead is closely connected with the history of patriarch Jacob, and the prophe... ...ical references, for example, the lords prayer in chapter thirty where she changes the ‘norm’ and asks for the things that she really wants. Just like the commander and the teachers of regime do in order to get what they want. â€Å"Now we come to forgiveness. Don’t worry about forgiving me right now. There are more important things. For instance: keep others safe, if they are safe. Don’t let them suffer too much. If they have to die, let it be fast. You might even provide a heaven for them. We need you for that. Hell we can create ourselves.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gileads official discourse is a hybridised rhetoric, which combines biblical language with traces of American capitalist phrases; for example, ‘in God we trust’ is the motto on the dollar bill. Marxism and feminism. It uses and abuses the bible in the same way as it uses the slogans of the liberal ideology it has overthrown.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe Handmaids Tale’ is a blunt warning to modern society, Atwood underlines that all the points in her novel have occurred in the world previously, and if propaganda establishes itself it could take place again.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

7-Eleven Company Essay

The Opportunities: Like many others companies, 7-Eleven also has lot of opportunities. The opportunity in this company is fresh food provided. Every morning, fresh meal will be available at 7-Eleven store for people to take away and get a quick breakfast. (Paradise, 2014) Next, the appearance of freebies and discounts is also opportunity in this company. Discounts are gives depends on what its business partners offer. Sometimes when it comes to certain seasons, 7-Eleven will has it own attraction as it is giving out freebies to customer when they purchase certain amount. It is because the new trend is increasing among the customers that they like freebies and discounts. Even it is not what they need it or whether they want to use these freebies after, they still want to have it. (Paradise, 2014) Besides, the opportunity in this company is not many convenient stores open 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. Therefore, 7-Eleven is one of the store that people can stop by in the middle of the night only to g et whatever they need. (Paradise, 2014) COMPETITOR ANALYSIS: 99 Speedmart 7-Eleven KK Mart Number of outlets nationwide450 Outlets nationwide1,497 Outlets nationwide62 Outlets nationwide Operating hours10 a.m. – 10 p.m.24 Hours 24 Hours   Products availableGroceries & freshmartGroceries, fresh foods, ATM and photocopying services.Groceries, fresh foods, ATM and photocopying services. Benefits to customerTrolley providedPoints by business partnersNone Freebies and DiscountNoneFreebies based on seasons & Discount depends on business partnersNone 99 Speedmart is a rapid growing convenient store chain which was founded in 1987 by Mr. Lee Thiam Wah who is the director of the company itself. More than 450 outlets nationwide, 99 Speedmart keep expanding the business and  also struggling to be top in the market. 99 Speedmart also provides same product like 7-Eleven only without services like ATM machine and also bills payment. 99 Speedmart provides trolley services for its customers. (99 Speedmart, 2014) While another competitor is KK Mart which is under KK Group founded in year 2001, comes with the desire of becoming a household name throughout Malaysia and beyond the shores. Founded by Dato’ Dr Chai Kee Kan also known as KK Chai, KK Mart has over 62 outlets nationwide and keeps expanding. KK Mart also operates 24 hours everyday which make it a good competitor to 7-Eleven. (KK Group, 2014) From the table above, we can compare how good is each of the convenient store. 7-Eleven is considered as the best and stronger convenient store company in the market. 7-Eleven has the most outlets nationwide which makes it is the easiest to find by customers anywhere they are. Besides 7-Eleven operates 24 hours which in case of emergency it can be very useful to customers. Futhermore, 7-Eleven sells products and even services which make it has lot of variety to customers. Even when customers purchase products at 7-Eleven, they can get points when they are the member of 7-Eleven’s business partners. Lastly, 7-Eleven do provides discounts and freebies based on offerings and seasons. MARKETING MIX: †¢Marketing mix means focus on the product, pricing, placement, promotion, people, process and physical evidence. †¢Marketing strategies consist customer orientation, input, and accessibility in the struggle to the be the leader of the market. †¢After the business manage to find the key factor, analyzed the market, target segment and understanding the demands, every business or every company needs to come up with formula to accelerate the growth and progress of the company. †¢For which 7-Eleven uses 7P’s of marketing mix such as: – Product – Price – Place – Promotion – People – Process – Physical Evidence Product Strategies: Every day, products available only at 7-Eleven ® bring millions of loyal customers through franchisees’ doors. A leader in bringing fresh items into the convenience space, 7-Eleven delivers fresh sandwiches, salads, fruits and pastries daily. 7-Eleven also has a full line of 7-Select ® private label products, which offer customers food items they love at low everyday prices. And of course, no one can forget about 7-Eleven’s legendary, iconic products, like the Slurpee ® drink, Big Gulp ® drink and famous coffee. When buying products, 7-Eleven aims to be the first to have great new items, get the best products in the category, be the only retailer to carry certain products 7-Eleven has new item introductions weekly, and continuously reinvests in product development. Vast Buying Power, Great Margins 7-Eleven buys for more than 6,700 stores in the U.S. alone. This buying power helps 7-Eleven negotiate favorable pricing and terms that let franchisees offer products to customers at great prices while retaining maximum profit margins. ( franchise.7-eleven.com,2014) Pricing Strategies: Convenient stores compete with each other in coffee price, fountain drinks price, and other private-owned products price. Prices for items that the stores buy from vendors are not significantly different. Due to it is the top company, 7-eleven prices its private label products relatively high compare to other convenient stores. In addition, the company has the potential to set high price for the items that other convenient stores do not carry. (klse.i3investor.2014) Placement Strategies: 7-Eleven pioneered the convenience store in 1927 at Southland Ice Company in Dallas, Texas. In 1954, the company opened a store outside of the state of Texas. 7-Eleven then expanded internationally when it opened stores in Mexico in 1971. In the same year, the company targeted England and Scotland as its first entry in European market. Three years later, 7-Eleven opened the first store in Japan. Then after years of growing its stores internationally, 7-Eleven international open its 25,000th store in 2006. In 2009, 7-Eleven has more than 35,000 stores in at least 18 countries worldwide, with its largest market in Japan, the United States, Canada, Philippines, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Thailand (businesstoday, 2014) Promotion Strategy: Recently, 7-Eleven started to add a bonus for everyone entering the 7-Eleven Day instant win game on the Slurpee website. After entering the instant win game, they will receive a code and website link to urchase $7.11 lawn tickets for concerts at select Live Nation venues across the country. In addition, 7-Eleven made collectible slurpee cups and slurpee straws featuring Domo & quot the fuzzy brown creature with a trademark enigmatic open-mouth expression that is taking 7-Eleven store by storm this fall & quot. 7-elevent also Domo-nized its food and beverages, such as the Big Bite and hot dog. Energy drink. CEO Rich Collins of Big Tent Entertainment, the marketing and licensing company for Domo, cmmented & quot because Domo has such a hugely devoted, cult-like following among kids, teens and young adults, we believe he’s a perfect match for 7-Eleven and its iconic Slurpee brand & quot (afrbiz.2014). People Strategy: People are an essential ingredient in service provision; recruiting and training the right staff is required to create a competitive advantage. Customers make judgments about service provision and delivery based on the people representing your organisation. This is because people are one of the few elements of the service that customers can see and interact with. The praise received by the volunteers (games makers) for the London 2012  Olympics and Paralympics demonstrates the powerful effect people can create during service delivery. Staff require appropriate interpersonal skills, aptititude, and service knowledge in order to deliver a quality service. In the UK many organisations apply for the â€Å"Investors in People† Accreditation to demonstrate that they train their staff to prescribed standards and best practices. http://www.learnmarketing.net/servicemarketingmix.htm Process Strategy: Because of the 7-Eleven franchise cost, many small business owners need to look for help with funding. Many companies don’t offer financing. Instead, they may recommend a company already familiar with its business practices to help you gain the financing you need to initiate your franchise application. This company does offer new franchise owners financing up to 65 percent. This financing covers only the initial franchise fee. As you complete your independent research, you’ll be able to determine if the 7-Eleven franchise cost is worth the risk. Meet with your personal financial adviser to see if you’re financially able to make this large of an investment. Once you start the application process, it doesn’t take long before your store will be up and running. In fact, the company says it can take less than 120 days to move through the nine-step application process. (business.answer.2014) Physical Evidence Strategy: Physical evidence is about where the service is being delivered from. It is particularly relevant to retailers operating out of shops. This element of the marketing mix will distinguish a company from its competitors. Physical evidence can be used to charge a premium price for a service and establish a positive experience. For example all hotels provide a bed to sleep on but one of the things affecting the price charged, is the condition of the room (physical evidence) holding the bed. Customers will make judgments about the organisation based on the physical evidence. For example if you walk into a restaurant you expect a clean and friendly environment, if the restaurant is smelly or dirty, customers are likely to walk out. This is before they have even received the service. http://www.learnmarketing.net/servicemarketingmix.htm CONCLUSION: Marketing strategies applied by 7-Eleven clearly gives the all the information that is necessary for the growth and development of a business The strategies that are implemented by 7-Eleven consist many basic essentials features like innovative ideas, market research, customers views, forecasting consumers demand, organizing and planning. In this modern world, the demand for goods such as groceries are increasing at an alarming rate because it is a daily needs products that customers will always buy and buy everyday. Most of the companies carry different types of marketing strategies in order to serve their customers in a more efficient and better ways than their competitors as they want their business to be stable in the market and can survive for such a long term. Reference Available at: http://www.7eleven.com.my/html/default.aspx?ID=2&PID=12 [Accessed 17 September2014]. Available at: http://www.99speedmart.com.my/history.htm [Accessed 17 September 2014]. Available at: http://kkgroup.my/KKGroup/ [Accessed 18 September 2014]. Available at: http://www.managementparadise.com/forums/principles-management-p-o-m/208076-swot-analysis-7-eleven.html [Accessed 20 September 2014]. Available at: http://franchise.7-eleven.com/franchise/product-strategy [Accessed 21September 2014] Available at: http://klse.i3investor.com/blogs/ipo/52090.jsp [Accessed 22 September 2014] Available at: http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/london-business-school-case-study-on-7-eleven/1/194769.html [Accessed 22 September 2014] Available at: http://www.afrbiz.com.au/case-studies/7-eleven-revitalising-the-slurpee-brand/Page-6.html [Accessed 22 September 2014] Available at: http://business.answers.com/franchise/exploring-the-7-eleven-franchise-process [Accessed 22 September 2014]

Difference Between inure and enure

Difference Between inure and enure Difference Between â€Å"inure† and â€Å"enure† Difference Between â€Å"inure† and â€Å"enure† By Maeve Maddox inure: To bring (a person, etc.) by use, habit, or continual exercise to a certain condition or state of mind, to the endurance of a certain condition For example: Emergency room personnel become inured to the sight of blood. Scientists working in Antarctica become inured to the cold. Teachers in schools with weak principals become inured to indignities. enure: (legal term) to come into operation; to take place, have effect; to be available; to be applied (to the use or benefit of a person) For example, The new tax will enure to the benefit of all the inhabitants of Madison County. These examples from the web indicate that inure for habituate has become the most common spelling on both sides of the Atlantic: WE MUST NOT BECOME INURED TO YOUTH GUN VIOLENCE (The Boston Globe) Germans become inured to violence against foreigners (The Independent) Are we becoming inured to civil service carelessness? (The Telegraph) How Inured to Mass Shootings Have We Become? (The Huffington Post) Film audiences have long become inured to elderly actors being paired off with barely post-pubescent females. (The Guardian) In older printed works, the spellings inure and enure occur frequently with either meaning. Both the OED and Merriam-Webster offer enure as a variant spelling, but modern usage seems to favor inure for the sense of â€Å"habituate.† It may be useful to reserve the spelling enure for the legal term. Wordnik offers examples of the uses of enure and inure. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Congratulations on or for?â€Å"As Well As† Does Not Mean â€Å"And†I wish I were...

Romantic Phrases for Dating in Italian

Romantic Phrases for Dating in Italian You’re drinking a glass of vino rosso during aperitivo as you talk to your friends, and then someone catches your eye. There’s an Italian that you can’t keep your eyes off of, and this person notices you, too.   Eventually, you two start chatting and  make plans to meet again another time at the same aperitivo. That date leads to another and another until you find that you’re head over heels for this person. If you’re in the midst of something like that or you want to be prepared just in case it happens, below you’ll find both romantic and practical phrases for dating in Italian. If you finish this list of phrases and still want more, check out this one of 100 Ways to Say I Love You. Phrases for Spending Time Together   Dovremmo uscire solo noi due qualche volta. - We should  go out just us two sometime.Sei libero/a stasera? - Are you free tonight?Perchà © non ci vediamo di nuovo? - Why don’t we meet again? TIP: If you’re talking to a female, you’ll use the -a ending, and if you’re talking to a male, you’ll use the -o ending. Click here to learn more about gender agreement. A che ora? - What time?Ci vediamo allora. - I’ll see you then.Qual à ¨ il tuo numero di telefono? - What’s your phone number?Ti va di prendere un aperitivo? - Do you want to get an aperitivo?Posso invitarti a cena? - Can I invite you to dinner?Ti va di venire a cena con me? - Would you mind having dinner with me?Passo a prenderti alle (9). - I’ll pick you up at 9. If you’re unfamiliar with how to tell the time, click here. TIP: If you’re a male, you’ll use the -o ending, and if you’re a female, you’ll use the -a ending. Ho trascorso una splendida giornata con te. - I spent a wonderful day with you.Grazie per la bella serata!  - Thanks for the great night!Quando posso rivederti? - When can I see you again?Cosa prendi? - What do you want to drink?Offro io. - I’m paying.Mi piaci tantissimo / Mi piaci davvero tanto. - I like you so much.Vuoi diventare la mia ragazza? - Do you want to be my girlfriend?Baciami. - Kiss me.Abbracciami. - Hug me. Phrases to Use When You’re Apart Mi manchi. - I miss you.Ti amo, piccola. - I love you baby.Ti voglio bene, mia adorata. - I love you, my dear. There are two ways to say â€Å"I love you† in Italian. This one is the less serious version. You can learn more about the differences between â€Å"ti amo† and â€Å"ti voglio bene† here. Also, both of the pet names used above are being used for talking to a female. Mi à ¨ bastato uno sguardo per capire che tu fossi la mia met della mela. - One look was all it took to know that you were my soulmate. (Literally: It only took one look to understand that you were the half of my apple.)Sei la mia anima gemella. - You’re my soulmate. (Literally: You’re my twin soul.)Vorrei poterti baciare proprio ora. - I wish I could kiss you right now.Sono cosà ¬ contento/a che ci siamo incontrati. - I’m so glad we met.Buongiorno bellissima / principessa. - Good morning beautiful / princess.Non sei come gli altri. - You’re not like others.Sei affascinante. - You’re fascinating / charming.Voglio godermi ogni attimo con te. - I want to savor every moment with you.Sento qualcosa di forte per te. - I have strong feelings for you.Avrei voluto restassi con me. - I would have liked for you to stay with me.Mi hai colpito subito. - You caught my eye right away. / You made an impression on me right away. ​To learn how to form sentences like the ones above with fossi and restassi, click here to learn about the imperfect subjunctive mood.

Business Marketing Report on Corus Group Plc Essay

Business Marketing Report on Corus Group Plc - Essay Example Corus traces its roots in October 1999 with the merger of Koninklijke Hoogovens N.V. and British Plc. The business organisation is one of the largest producers of steel and aluminum in the world. Its size and scope has made it a very important player in the global economy as it is a supplier to other companies in almost all industries (Corus Group 2006). Currently, Corus it is being acquired for $9 billion by Tata Steel, an Indian steel company (Yahoo finance 2006).Corus is subdivided into four strategic business units namely, strip products division, long products division, distribution and building system division, and aluminum division in order to facilitate the manufacture of its numerous products. The company classifies its products in seventeen broad product lines: 1. bar and billet which are classified steel types, hot rolled products, bright bar and services that relates to this product line; 2. construction products and services which ranges from structural steelworks, floor s, walls, roofs, modular, light framing, and other building components; 3. business services which relates to the industries where Corus is involved such as research and development, consulting, testing solutions, and transport and shipping;4. electrical steels comprised of grain oriented steel, nonoriented fully processed steel, and nonoriented semi processed steel and complemented with lamination and transformer products; 5. narrow strips which are specially tailored according to customer’s specifications;

Code of Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Code of Ethics - Essay Example They need to be aware of the things that can get them fired. Sanitation hazards need to be taken very seriously. The littlest thing could turn away a customer, and perhaps lead to a lawsuit. When dealing with food, all precautions need to be taken. A lot of businesses require wearing gloves, having your hair pulled back, and no visible piercing or tattoos. Jan Norman, publisher for The Standard-Times stated, "A lot of people are offended when they see people in the workplace with piercings and tattoos." (Norman, p.1) When dealing with other people's food, all of those things are turn-offs. After touching your hair or face, going to the bathroom, or any other contact with yourself or another person, the person should immediately wash their hands. OHS states, "Hand washing reduces the risk of Common Infections." (p.1) Putting up signs for the employees to remind them to pull back their hair, and remove any visible piercing such as from the nose, eyebrow, lip or tongue. All of this affects the businesses as well. By sanitation standards not being met, stated by Occupational Health and Safety, this can cause businesses to be shut down. So employers need to keep close watch on employees." (OHS,P.1) Every day consumers are more concerned with sanitation especially when it concerns their food. There are so many bacterias that can be spread.

The Dawes Act and the 1924 Indian Citizenship Act Essay

The Dawes Act and the 1924 Indian Citizenship Act - Essay Example The early colonists believed that it was part of their destiny to conquer the west and the northern American wilderness but the Indians stood along the way and its God-given destiny (Kline 2000,p.24). At first, US treated the Indians as sovereign and independent people by negotiating treaties with them but the treaties only ended up with the Indians ceding their lands in return for desolate, barren lands elsewhere. This ended with President James Monroe's declaration that Indians be removed and resettled beyond the Mississippi River for their own best interests (American Philosophical Society 2000,p.65) Thus the Cherokees from Georgia appealed to the Supreme Court to prevent the seizure of their lands.However, Chief Justice John Marshall declared all Indians as without sovereignty and people who "reside within the acknowledged boundaries of the United States" and are "in a state of pupilage"(Cherokee Nation v Georgia). But he later on declared the Cherokees as a distinct political community "in which the laws of Georgia can have no force" and into which Georgians are prohibited to enter without treaty permission (Worcester v Georgia). The Supreme Court then declared all Indians to be under the complete control of the US government but ironically, they cannot be citizens as contemplated by the 14th Amendment because they belonged to 'alien nations'(Elk v Wilkins, 1884). As such, all Indians were impounded in assigned reservations to their consternation on the basis of national security and military necessity after they ceded their ancestral lands and were not allowed to leave without a permit. But in one case, the court adjudicated that Indians are entitled to the same legal protection and freedom as the Americans (Standing Bear v Crook, 1879). The Dawes Act of 1887 or The General Allotment Act The first idea of Indian citizenship was broached by Thomas Jefferson but he laid down an extensive list of prerequisites prior to giving them citizenship (American Philosophical Society 2000, p.63). He also voiced out his plans to civilize the Indians and slowly assimilate them to the mainstream of American society. He also revealed his plans to give the Indians parcels of land to farm. All these served as impetus for Congress to enact the General Allotment Act or the Dawes Act on February 8,1887. The rationale behind the statute was to civilize and assimilate the Indians

Financial Income of Actors Essay Example for Free

Financial Income of Actors Essay Avatar a multi-billion dollar movie with over two and a half billion U.S dollars of sales and each actor earning close to about eighty million dollars was a box office hit watched by the whole world. The movie had such a huge success because of its actor Sam Worthington and also its actor James Cameron. To be a successful actor in the movie world, actors must have perfect memory to be able to memorize their parts. A slight problem like that could cause any actor a strike on their career. Actors should be paid more because they exert a lot of time and effort on their job, they have to act as role models for everyone and they donate a lot to the poor and needy. Actors exert a lot of effort and time on their job to be able to play the roles needed of them. Although working hours of actors cannot be compared to that of individual people, they have more of a short term working job. â€Å"Actors do not have a 9-5 job five days a week. They don’t get to leave the office at 5, they never get to leave† indicates Seymour (2000, Para 2). While you would like to hang out with your friends to go watch a game, for an actor it might be just impossible or their career might just be on the line. For example, actor Sam Worthington who plays the hero in Avatar explains the crew had to be on set close to about fourteen hours a day, â€Å"We see the sun as we drive to work, and not again till the next morning† James Cameron explains. Actors in every possible way deserve every penny earned. Actors have to roles models for both the media and everyone. A rational human being would always look up to a role model and such would always want to watch their role model in a movie. Seymour (2010) explains, â€Å"actors are forever in the limelight; they are supposed to be role models for us everyday folks, but we are quick to judge to judge when they make the same mistakes we do† (Para 2). Natalie Portman is an exceptional role model, with her work with NPOs in developing countries has helped thousands of people, she also worked very hard in her acting career without putting a halt to her education from the age of 11 and last but not the least displays a strong bond with family and friends. A lot of objections were made against these idea some including actors are selfish and greedy because they make huge amount of money and also use them to buy illegal drugs such as cocaine and cannabis. Schneider (2010) explains, â€Å"Every day you hear about all of the different scandals and drugs that half of Hollywood is involved in. There are way too many professional entertainers who use their riches for wrong† (Para. 4). There might be some truth in that but relatively; actors also donate their money to the poor and needy. According to tax records, Actors (Angelina Jolie and Brad Pit) donated more than eight million to charity in 2006 alone. Also, Oprah Winfrey known to be the richest woman on earth by Forbes magazine and also the most generous celebrity donated forty one million dollars to charity trough her Oprah Winfrey Foundation, which was top help those in need for education and jobs.